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REVIEW ARTIKEL: WAWASAN FARMAKOGENOMIK DAN BIOINFORMATIKA VARIAN GEN ACE DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP RESPONS INHIBITOR ACE PADA HIPERTENSI
Abstract
Respons terhadap terapi antihipertensi berbasis angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) bervariasi antar individu, yang sebagian besar dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik. Gen ACE memiliki sejumlah polimorfisme yang dapat memengaruhi kadar enzim dan efektivitas terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi hubungan antara variasi genetik pada gen ACE dan respons terhadap kaptopril, lisinopril, ramipril, dan enalapril pada pasien hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan bioinformatika dan farmakogenomik dengan menganalisis data dari PharmGKB, Ensembl, dan GTEx Portal. Polimorfisme genetik dianalisis untuk mengevaluasi keterkaitannya dengan efektivitas ACEI menggunakan pendekatan statistik deskriptif. Empat polimorfisme nukleotida tunggal (SNP) pada gen ACE ditemukan berasosiasi dengan respons terhadap ACEI. Varian rs4291 dan rs1799752 dikaitkan dengan efikasi kaptopril, di mana genotipe AA menunjukkan penurunan keparahan gagal ginjal. Varian rs1799752 juga terkait dengan lisinopril dan enalapril, dengan genotipe DD memberikan penurunan tekanan darah yang lebih besar. Selain itu, rs4359 dan rs4344 berkorelasi dengan efektivitas ramipril, terutama pada genotipe CC+TT dan AA+GG. Kesimpulan: Variasi genetik pada gen ACE berperan dalam menentukan respons terhadap terapi ACEI. Pendekatan farmakogenetik berpotensi meningkatkan efikasi dan keamanan pengobatan antihipertensi
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.52447/scpij.v10i2.9109
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