REVIEW ARTIKEL: PERAN DAN FLEKSIBILITAS KROMATOGRAFI CAIR KINERJA TINGGGI DALAM ANALISIS SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER PADA BERAGAM SAMPEL
Abstract
Metabolit sekunder adalah senyawa bioaktif krusial dalam berbagai industri yang memerlukan analisis mutu terstandar. Kompleksitas struktural senyawa ini menjadikan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT) sebagai metode standar emas untuk penetapan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Namun hasil HPLC sangat bergantung pada optimasi kondisi instrumen dan matriks sampel. Tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan implementasi KCKT dalam analisis menyeluruh golongan metabolit sekunder. Kajian dilakukan secara sistematis terhadap jurnal ilmiah nasional dan internasional dalam 10 tahun terakhir (2015-2025). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan KCKT terbukti efektif untuk menganalisis beragam senyawa metabolit sekunder pada matriks sampel yang luas, mulai dari ekstrak tumbuhan hingga produk komersial. Ditemukan variasi signifikan pada kondisi—seperti pemilihan kolom C18, komposisi fase gerak, dan panjang detektor gelombang—yang menegaskan perlunya optimasi metode yang spesifik untuk setiap analit. Tinjauan ini menyimpulkan bahwa KCKT adalah metode yang ampuh dan serbaguna, serta berfungsi sebagai panduan ilmiah bagi peneliti dalam menentukan kondisi analisis yang optimal.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ramadhani, J., Nurfitriyanti, Y., Salsabilla, M., Aryani, N., & Hajid, R. (2024). Analisis Metabolit Sekunder dalam Bahan Alam Menggunakan Spektrofotometri. Ilmu Kesehatan, 9(5), 25–31. https://doi.org/10.5455/mnj.v1i2.644xa
Abriyani, E., Zulfa, A. N., Nurjanah, A., Nurlelah, N., & Septanti, R. (2016). Tinjauan Aplikasi High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) dalam Analis Farmasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 10(13), 185–197.
Rosydiati. (2019). Karakterisasi puncak kromatogram dalam High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) terhadap perbedaan fase gerak, laju alir, dan penambahan asam dalam analisis Indole Acetic Acid (IAA). Kandaga, 1(2), 65–73.
Wahid, R. A. H. (2020). Analisis Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Tanin Ekstrak Kulit Buah Delima Putih (Punica granatum L.) Menggunakan Metode Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT). Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product, 3(2), 11–21.
Purba, N., Patar, J., Romauli, S., Teresia, A., Liquid, P., & Hplc, C. (2019). Uji Senyawa Flavooid Total dari Ekstrak Etanol Herba Binara (Artemisia Annua) Menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Tahun 2019. Jurnal Kebidanan Kestra, 2(1).
Siska, F., Romauli Anna Teresia Marbun, & Anisa Maharani. (2023). Andaliman Quercetin (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium Dc.) Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (Hplc) Method and Its Antifungal Activity Against Pityrosporum Ovale. Jurnal Farmasimed (Jfm), 6(1), 33–40. https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v6i1.1857
El-Bilawy, E. H., Al-Mansori, A. N. A., Soliman, S. A., Alotibi, F. O., Al-Askar, A. A., Arishi, A. A., Sabry, A. E. N., Elsharkawy, M. M., Heflish, A. A., Behiry, S. I., & Abdelkhalek, A. (2022). Antifungal, Antiviral, and HPLC Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds of Amphiroa anceps Extract. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912253
Speranza, S., Knechtl, R., Witlaczil, R., & Schönlechner, R. (2021). Reversed-Phase HPLC Characterization and Quantification and Antioxidant Capacity of the Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids Extracted From Eight Varieties of Sorghum Grown in Austria. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12(November), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.769151
Root, M., Petroski, W., Bechtold, K., McCullen, L., Lambiase, S., Wilson, B., & Joyner, R. (2022). A simplified HPLC-UV method for the analysis of triterpenoid acids from heritage apples (Malus domestica) from western North Carolina, USA. Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease, 5(4), 84–92. https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v5i4.914
Zhao, Y., Zhang, X., Lv, C., Yu, Y., Zhang, Y., & Lu, J. (2018). Quantitative and qualitative analyses of cytotoxic triterpenoids in the rhizomes of Anemone raddeana using HPLC and HPLC-ESI-Q/TOF-MS. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 26(3), 1113–1121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2018.01.011
Nuryanti, S. D., Solikah, W. Y., Sari, F. D., & Listianto, A. P. (2025). Penentuan Kadar Kafein Dalam Kopi Bubuk Kemasan Sachet Berbagai Merek Menggunakan Metode High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Jurnal Redoks : Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia Dan Ilmu Kimia, 8(2), 71–79. https://doi.org/10.33627/re.v8i2.3500
Mutiara, S. N. I., Masriani, M., Muharini, R., Sapar, A., & Rasmawan, R. (2023). Comparison of Extraction Variations on Mitragynine Level of Three Variants of Kratom Leaves (Mitragyna speciosa Korth). EduChemia (Jurnal Kimia Dan Pendidikan), 8(1), 113. https://doi.org/10.30870/educhemia.v8i1.21184
Lailatussifa, R.-, & Pereira, M. M. (2022). Analisis Kandungan Senyawa Fenolik Ekstrak Alga Sargassum polycystum Dari Pantai Selatan, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Chanos Chanos, 20(1), 215. https://doi.org/10.15578/chanos.v20i1.10532
Selfia Lestari, Muhammad Amin Nasution, Ridwanto, Haris Munandar Nasution (2023). Penetapan Kadar Kafein Ekstrak Daun Teh Hijau Dan
Putih Camellia sinensis (L.) Dengan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences, 6(3), 1407-1415
Lü, H., Lee, R. P., Huang, J., Chen, J., Go, V. L. W., Li, Z., & Lu, Q. Y. (2020). A new HPLC–UV method for the quantification of terpenoids and antioxidant activity of commercial loquat leaf tea and preparation. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 14(2), 1085–1091. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-019-00358-3
Setyaningrum, L., Purwaningtyas, D., Puspaningtyas, A. R., Wigati, D., Usman, M. R., & Latifah, M. S. (2022). Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Analysis Method for Determination of Total Alkaloid Content of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaf Extract. Eksakta: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA, 23(03), 175–187. https://doi.org/10.24036/eksakta/vol23-iss03/325
Ganguly, S., Kumar, J., & Seal, T. (2021). Characterization of secondary metabolites in different parts of Ocimum gratissimum L. by in vitro antioxidant activity and high-performance liquid chromatography–diode-array detector analysis. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 17(74), 209–215. https://doi.org/10.4103/pm.pm_550_20
Seal, T. (2016). Quantitative HPLC analysis of phenolic acids, flavonoids and ascorbic acid in four different solvent extracts of two wild edible leaves, Sonchus arvensis and Oenanthe linearis of North-Eastern region in India. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 6(02), 157–166. https://doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2016.60225
Lu, Y., Yu, J., Liu, W., Jing, G., Li, W., & Liu, W. (2022). Quantitative determination of major alkaloids in areca nut products by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry. Journal of Separation Science, 1(9), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.202200361
Husnia, F., & Budiarti, A. (2021). Pengembangan Metode Analisis Kuersetin dalam Ekstrak Etanol Buah Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) Menggunakan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi. Media Farmasi, 17(2), 108–115. https://doi.org/10.32382/mf.v17i2.2209
Hou, M., Shi, J., Lin, C., Zhu, L., & Bian, Z. (2024). Ultrasound-assisted extraction of triterpenoids from Chaenomeles speciosa leaves: Process optimization, adsorptive enrichment, chemical profiling, and protection against ulcerative colitis. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 111(October), 107136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107136
Sukmawati, S., Widiastuti, H., & Miftahuljanna, M. (2019). Analisis kadar kuersetin pada ekstrak etanol daun miana (Plectrantu scutellarioides) secara HPLC. Jurnal Ilmiah As-Syifaa, 11(1), 38–44.
Song, C., Yu, D., Jin, G., Ding, J., Zhou, H., Guo, Z., & Liang, X. (2022). High-performance liquid chromatography quantitative analysis of ephedrine alkaloids in Ephedrae Herba on a perfluorooctyl stationary phase. Journal of Separation Science, 45(5), 1051–1058. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.202100645
Suhada, A. (2015). Profil Komponen Kimia Tanaman Obat Yang Berkhasiat Mengobati Penyakit Kuning. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Kajian Ilmiah Kesehatan, 1(2), 55–63. www.lppm-mfh.com
Rozirwan, R., Hananda, H., Nugroho, R. Y., Apri, R., Khotimah, N. N., Fauziyah, F., Putri, W. A. E., & Aryawati, R. (2023). Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic, Phytochemical Content, and HPLC Profile of Selected Mangrove Species from Tanjung Api-Api Port Area, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 7(7), 3482–3489. https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i7.29
Turnip, N. U. M. B., Ratih Anggraeni, Sihombing, Y. R., & Suci Wulandari. (2025). Test to Determine The Quercetin Content of Tenggiang (Polystichum setiferum) Using the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method and Its Antifungal Activity Against Pityrosporum ovale. Jurnal Farmasimed (Jfm), 7(2), 135–142. https://doi.org/10.35451/jfm.v7i2.2361
Yunarto, N., & Sulistyaningrum, N. (2017). Quantitative Analysis of Bioactive Compounds In Extract and Fraction of Star Fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) Leaves Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia, 7(1), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v7i1.5605.26-33
Yıldırım, S., Kadıoğlu, A., Sağlam, A., Yaşar, A., & Sellitepe, H. E. (2016). Fast determination of anthocyanins and free pelargonidin in fruits, fruit juices, and fruit wines by high-performance liquid chromatography using a core-shell column. Journal of separation science, 39(20), 3927–3935. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201600661
Galih, W., Permana, B., & Damayanti, S. (2025). Development and Validation of Analytical Method for Piperine in Phytopharmaceutical Product Containing Cabe Jawa Fructus by HPLC. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 12(1), 36–42. https://doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v12i1.46348
Guo, P., Yan, W., Han, Q., Wang, C., & Zhang, Z. (2015). Simultaneous quantification of 25 active constituents in the total flavonoids extract from Herba Desmodii Styracifolii by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of separation science, 38(7), 1156–1163. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201401360
Chen, H., Zhou, H., Tao, R., Li, W., & Wang, C. Z. (2020). Simultaneous quantification of six flavonoids of Rhus verniciflua Stokes using matrix solid-phase dispersion via high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector. Journal of separation science, 43(23), 4281–4288. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.202000749
Araujo Leon, J. A., Ruiz Ciau, D. V., Coral Martinez, T. I., & Cantillo Ciau, Z. O. (2015). Comparative fingerprint analyses of extracts from the root bark of wild Hippocratea excelsa and "Cancerina" by high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of separation science, 38(22), 3870–3875. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201401480
Sri Rejeki, D., & Oktariani Pramiastuti. (2022). Analisis Hidrokuinon pada Lima Merk Produk Krim Malam Menggunakan Metode High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Kesehatan, 13(2), 2022–2023. http://ojs.stikesbhamadaslawi.ac.id/index.php/jik
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52447/inrpj.v10i1.8870
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright@ Pusat Penelitian Fakultas Farmasi
Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta
Online ISSN : 2502-8421