ANALISIS PROSES TERBENTUKNYA STANDARDISASI ISPM 15 DI INTERNATIONAL PLANT PROTECTION CONVENTION MENJADI STANDARDISASI WPM PACKING GLOBAL

Gusti Tahta Aridewangga, Anak Surya Nugraha

Sari


International Standars for Phytosanitary Measuress (ISPM) No. 15 merupakan standar internasional yang dibuat untuk mengurangi risiko penyebaran organisme pengganggu tanaman lewat kemasan kayu pada perdagangan global. Standar ini diatur oleh International Plant Protection Convection (IPPC) dan mendapatkan pengakuan luas sesuai dengan kerangka Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran IPPC dalam merumuskan, merevisi, dan menerapkan ISPM 15 sejak dibentuk pada tahun 2002 hingga revisi terakhir di tahun 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis kualitatif-deskriptif yang berdasar studi pustaka dari standar internasional, laporan resmi dari IPPC, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), serta literatur akademik yang relevan. Kerangka Teori Organisasi Internasional dipakai untuk menjelaskan cara IPPC beroperasi  sebagai instrumen negara, arena interaksi, dan aktor normatif dalam sistem internasional. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan ISPM 15 adalah hasil negosiasi multilateral antara negara anggota serta ahli teknis yang berkoordinasi di bawah naungan Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM). Standar ini tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai panduan teknis, tetapi juga sebagai mekanisme tata global yang membentuk perilaku negara, menciptakan sistem kepatuhan, dan mengurangi ketimpangan kapasitas lewat kerja sama. Oleh karena itu, ISPM 15 juga mencerminkan dinamika politik, kekuatan kelembagaan, dan kesetaraan dalam sistem perdagangan internasional yang modern.


Kata Kunci


ISPM 15; IPPC; organisasi internasional; standar fitosanitari; tata kelola global

Teks Lengkap:

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.52447/pol.v11i2.9119

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