AKTIVITAS POLITIK KORPORASI DALAM TATA KELOLA TRANSISI ENERGI TINJAUAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIS TENTANG PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN, REGULATORY CAPTURE, DAN AKUNTABILITAS PUBLIK
Abstract
Studi ini mengkaji Corporate Political Activity dalam tata kelola transisi energi dengan menitikberatkan pada pengaruh kebijakan, risiko regulatory capture, dan akuntabilitas publik. Transisi energi tidak hanya merupakan agenda teknologi dan investasi, tetapi juga arena politik kebijakan yang melibatkan korporasi, regulator, industri, masyarakat sipil, dan aktor global. Meskipun literatur tentang Corporate Political Activity, kebijakan energi, climate governance, dan regulatory capture terus berkembang, kajian yang mengintegrasikan seluruh bidang tersebut dalam satu kerangka tata kelola publik masih terbatas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Systematic Literature Review berbasis PRISMA 2020 terhadap artikel jurnal open access terindeks Scopus periode 2020–2026. Dari 373 dokumen awal, proses seleksi menghasilkan 30 artikel final yang dianalisis melalui thematic synthesis. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa CPA dalam transisi energi muncul melalui corporate lobbying, climate lobbying, fossil fuel lobbying, industry influence, policy advocacy, disinformation, shareholder engagement, dan regulatory capture. CPA memiliki peran ganda: dapat mempercepat transisi melalui dukungan terhadap energi bersih dan dekarbonisasi, tetapi juga dapat menghambat transisi melalui pelemahan regulasi, narasi penundaan, dan dominasi industri. Kontribusi utama studi ini adalah pengembangan model public governance terintegrasi yang menghubungkan Corporate Political Activity, policy influence mechanisms, energy transition governance outcomes, regulatory capture, dan public accountability. Studi ini menegaskan pentingnya transparansi lobbying, partisipasi publik, independensi regulator, dan akuntabilitas demokratis dalam menjaga integritas tata kelola transisi energi.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.52447/gov.v11i2.9910
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